iOS 7: few steps to increase the battery life

Quit apps
Who wants to have some of its long battery should look at now and again, which apps running in the background. Many programs continue to run even when they should actually be paused. Pay particular attention to all the apps that query your location - it costs a lot of energy. 's how it works: Press twice to your home button. Then push unwanted apps with a finger upward from the screen.

Control Center

Both the lock screen as well as in normal home screen you can use the new Control Center. In addition to useful shortcuts you can find the way to manage settings like WiFi, Bluetooth, airplane mode and night. Basically: What is not being used, can get away. Night and flight mode switch also still receiving or notifications from. 's how it works: Simply click on the on the bottom of the screen wipe screen to the center. The Control Center appears and is immediately ready for use.

Automatic downloads
iOS 7 allows you to download all iTunes and App Store content automatically. This is in some cases practically , but mostly unnecessary. Turn off this feature in the menu, you prevent both accidental data as well as a little energy consumption. 's how it works: iTunes & App Store Settings ➤ ➤ Automatic Downloads on / off

Location services
The GPS chip and the location services are real energy hogs - as soon as the iPhone retrieves the current position, the percent tumble. Therefore: turn off everything that is not absolutely needed. iOS 7 for example, uses frequently the weather, since the new message center location and weather prospects can view. 's how it goes: Privacy Settings ➤ ➤ location services and deselecting

Time Zone
Those who do not travel often, always adheres basically only one time zone. By switching off the automatic time zone search you also save a few percent. 's how it goes: Settings ➤ General ➤ ➤ Setting the date & time Automatic on / off

Dynamic Backgrounds
iOS 7 now offers dynamic backgrounds. The seven colored backgrounds with a small animation. What looks good at first glance, costing you precious battery life. Better your own photo or any other static image. 's how it goes: Backgrounds & brightness settings ➤ ➤ ➤ Dynamic Background or choose frames

3D effect
The new 3D-effect (also called parallax effect) is impressive. If you move the iPhone, the screen aligns new and shows very dynamic. However, since this effect is activated in the lock screen, it can cost a lot of energy over time. Therefore:., If you do not need to shut it And so it goes: Accessibility Settings ➤ General ➤ ➤ ➤ reduce motion motion reduce to / from

Background update
Some apps call in the background from Internet and position data. In individual cases, but that is quite useful, mostly not necessary. Meet here the right choice for you and turn off all other apps. It is important that you regularly check for the installation of new programs, if an entry is added. 's how it goes: Settings ➤ General ➤ Background update

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How to install iOS 7 on iPhone or iPad

iOS 7 is finally available now for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. If yesterday we saw the right thing to have before updating to iOS 7, including backup of its data, today here are the steps to put the phone up to date.

The update of the iPhone is not a very complicated task, but nevertheless worth a minimum of attention. Once you have verified that your device is compatible and made ​​backups, two options are available to you: make a good old normal upgrade via iTunes, or to update "over the air", Wifi, directly on your phone.

The first solution is the most traditional and best known, simply plug in your USB device and wait until the computer detects it. iTunes will notify you that an update is available, if this is not the case, you can search should find iOS 7. Just to clarify that the version of iTunes 11.1, all freshly output is required to install iOS 7 , so this is a download that you should consider in advance if you have not already done so. You just have to simply click on the "update" button to download the system starts.The rest of the procedure is automatic and will take several minutes for iOS is downloaded and transferred to your device.

Regarding the update "OTA" (over the air), it is even easier, since you have to go through the phone menu via Settings> General> Software Update to find it. Again, the system will notify you that an update is available, and click on "Install" initiate the process. Note however that in this mode, it is strongly recommended to keep her connected to a power source to prevent the battery from falling in the harbor during the update unit, which could be fatal. Similarly, the update will not start if the battery level is below 50%.

Once the installation is complete, conventional settings will be required, such as a Wi-Fi network and your Apple ID, particularly in order to recover any backup iCloud . If you have updated your device from iTunes, this is supposed to restore the last backup date of your data, allowing you to find any. If this is not the case, it is obviously possible to restore a previous backup.

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Usability

What is usability?

User friendly
–No need m/c to friendly
Different users have different needs
A system that is “friendly” to one may feel very tedious to another

•Use other terms

–CHI

–HCI

–UCD

–MMI

–HMI

–OMI

–UID

–HF

–Etc

System Acceptability

•Social acceptability

•Practical acceptability

Definition of Usability

•5 usability attributes:

–Learnability

–Efficiency

–Memorability

–Errors

–Satisfaction

Learnability

•The system should be easy to learn  for novice users

•Highly learnable systems have a steep incline for the first part of the learning curve and allow users to reach a reasonable level of usage proficiency within a short time

•Zero efficiency at zero time except walk-up-and-use systems

•Easy to measure

Efficiency of Use

•The system should be efficient to use for expert users, so that once the users has learned the system, a high level of productivity is possible

•Test users are asked to use the system for a certain number of hours, after their efficiency can be measured

–In terms of number of seconds to do a specific task

Memorability

•The system should be easy to remember, so that casual user is able to return to the system after some period of not having used it, without having to learn everything all over again

•“Kiss and Ride”

•2 ways of measuring

–Measure the time needed for casual users to perform some typical test tasks

–Memory test

•After finishing the test session explain the effect of various commands or name the command

Few and non catastrophic errors

•The system should have a low error rate, so that users make few errors during the use of the system, and so that if they do make errors they can easily recover from them

•Error is defined as any action that does not accomplish the desired goal

•Measured by counting the number of such actions

Subjective satisfaction

•The system should be pleasant to use, so that users are subjectively satisfied when using it; they like it

•Can be measured by

–Psychophysiological measures

–Asking subjective opinion

•Likert scale

•Please indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the following statements about the system

A.It was very easy to learn how to use this system

  1=strongly disagree 2=partly disagree 3=neither disagree nor agree 4=partly agree 5=strongly agree

A.Using this system was a very frustrating experience

B.I feel that this system allows me to achieve very high productivity

C.I worry that many of the things I did with this system may have been wrong

D.This system can do all the things I think I would need

E.This system is very pleasant to work with

Semantic differential scale

•Please make the positions that best reflect your impression of this system

          Pleasing  - - - - - - - -  Irritating

          Complete   - - - - - - - -   Incomplete

          Cooperative  - - - - - - - -   Uncooperative

          Simple   - - - - - - - -  Complicated

          Fast to use  - - - - - - - -   Slow to use

          Safe   - - - - - - - -   Unsafe

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Method for calculating the index of air quality

Grid computing the index of air quality Contamination Index Major Pollutants Other Pollutants NO2 O3 PM10 CO SO2 Very high > 100 > 400 > 240 > 180 > 20000 > 500 High 100 400 240 180 20000 500 76 201 181 91 10001 301 Average 75 200 180 90 10000 300 51 101 121 51 7501 101 Low 50 100 120 50 7500 100 26 51 61 26 5001 51 Very Low 25 50 60 25 5000 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 NO2 , O3 , SO2 : hourly value / maximum hourly value in μg/m3 PM 10 : hourly value / maximum hourly value or average daily adjusted μg/m3 CO: moving average 8 hours / moving average maximum of 8 hours in μg/m3 The air quality is rated on a 5-point scale from 0 (low pollution) over 100 (very high pollution). It is based on three main pollutants: PM 10 (particulate matter), NO2 (nitrogen dioxide), O3(ozone) and may consider two additional pollutants that is to say, CO (Carbon monoxide  and SO2 (sulfur dioxide) to the cities for which data are available. Calculating air quality is based on a review of various local measures air quality and reflects . to as much as possible the alert thresholds or daily limits In order to make comparable cities and to overcome the nature of the monitoring network, two indices are defined. Index background (global), representing the general situation of the agglomeration (based on urban background monitoring sites) Index near traffic, representing busy roads (based on monitoring stations along the route)

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Nanotechnology -Definition

"Nanotechnology" is a generic term that describes applications in many scientific areas but covers a general research principles and existing properties at the nanoscale, that is to say at the level of atoms and molecules. The objective is to produce nanotechnology objects or materials of less than 100 nanometers.These nanomaterials are composed of nanoparticles, in contrast to fine natural or from a combustion particles are produced intentionally. Nanomaterials can be metals, ceramics, carbon, polymers or silicates which have the advantage of having specific characteristics compared to the same material at the macroscopic scale. The acquisition of these new physico-chemical properties and opens a whole range of basic and applied research grouped under the name of "nanoscience".

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Multimedia Presentation

Introduction to Multimedia Presentations

What is Multimedia ?

¢Derived from the word “Multi” and “Media”

—Multi

¢Many, Multiple,

—Media

¢Tools that is used to represent or do a certain thing

¢Form of communication

Ex: Newspaper, TV, Poster

¢ Definition

A media that combines different content forms; text, still images, audio, animation and video which is delivered interactively to the user by electronic or digitally.

Components of Multimedia 

Multimedia Productions

¢Depends on the information need to convey, the requirements and intended audience.

• —Web Sites
• —Presentations
• —Games
• —Movies /Entertainment products
• —Simulations
• 
  

 What is a Presentation  ?

¢A way of communication

¢The practice of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience.

What is Multimedia Presentations  ?

¢Presentations that use multiple forms of media such as text, sound, still images, animation and video.

¢Sequence of slides/screens.

¢Most often viewed on a computer monitor or on a projection screen.

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Basic Methods of Surveying Sciences -CHAIN SURVEYING

CHAIN SURVEYING

1.Only linear measurements are made in the field

2.The principle is the provisions of a frame work of triangles, which could be plotted to scale

3.The lengths of the sides of triangles have to be measured

1.Generally the boundaries of the land parcel are not straight

2.  The land parcel to be surveyed is irregular in shape

3.  The entire area is broken up into a framework of triangles   (ABC & ABD)

4.  The line AB is taken right across the block, which is called   the base on which all other triangles are build up

5.  In addition 2 lines EF and EG (point E on the base is not   necessarily same for 2 lines) are measured for checking

6.  These check lines do not give any additional information

7.  Sometimes they can be used to pickup internal details

8.  Detail is surveyed by rectangular offsets

NOTE:

•  Unsuitable for large areas or difficult country

•  Quite well adapted for small surveys on   open   ground with simple details

There are 02 main work

•  Field Work  (FW)

•  Plan Work   (PW)

Field Work (FW)

•  Reconnaissance
• Examine the area
•Positions of stations are selected and marked. Inter-visibility can be checked using ranging poles
•A sketch of the land showing the arrangement of lines and the numbering or lettering of the stations must be prepared
•  Selecting Stations (The following requirement must be fulfilled)
•Survey lines should be as few as practicable, and such that the framework can be plotted
•Normally baseline should be run middle of the area. Triangles are build up on the base
•The triangles should be well conditioned
•Each triangle must have a check line
•As few lines as possible should have to be run without offsets
•Offsets should be short for locating important features

•Selecting Stations (The following requirement must be fulfilled)

•Obstacles for ranging and chaining should be avoided as far as possible

•Lines should be lie over the more level ground

NOTE:  Care should be taken when working   along the road

•Marking Stations

•Wooden Pickets (WP) may be used

•Cement Pickets (CP) can be used when more durability is required

•Running Survey Lines & Survey of Details
•The routine of running a survey line comprises of the chaining of the line & location of the adjacent detail
•Offsets will be taken by estimating the perpendicularity by eye & reads out the lengths of the offsets and chainages
•Also the chainages along the chain line at which boundaries (fence, stream, etc.) are intersected by the chain line should be noted
•Field Book Keeping
•There are many regulations for Field Book keeping and you must follow all the regulations
•If not appropriate actions will be taken
•Please go through all the regulations

Plan Work (PW)

•Pencils of 3H or 4H should be used

•Scale must be decided (Indeed this must be decided before proceeding to the field, because the accuracy & precision, which the data to be collected in the field accordingly)

•Other items to be used for plan work are Plotting Scale, Offset Scale, Parallel Ruler, and A3 size Plan Sheet (Quarter Field Sheet) and Drawing Pen for inking

Basic Requirements of Maps

•Clear

•Correct

•Unambiguous

•Dimensioned (or scaled)

•Use of Standard Symbols

Scale

•Scale is the relationship between size on the map and size on the ground

–Once centimetre on the map equals 100 metres on the ground, 1:10,000

•A bar scale represents this graphically

–Necessary as plans can be enlarged easily

•A good reference can be found here:

–http://www.survivaliq.com/navigation/scale-and-distance_par2.htm

•When plotted there MUST be 2 scale notations:

–The natural scale, 1:100

–A bar scale

Border

•Although it is not necessary to ‘frame’ a plan, it is essential to include other information like:

–Who

–When

–Where

–Why

–Sheet number…

•See the Specimen plan in notice board

North

•There needs to be a north arrow

–There may also be a grid showing regular intervals of the coordinate system

•The North datum needs to be noted

–MGA/AMG

–Magnetic

–True

–Arbitrary

Lettering, Significant Figures

•There are requirements for particular letter sizes depending on the:

–Scale of the plan

–Importance of the feature

–Legal requirement

•For large scale plans (like we are making), there are recommended significant figures for height and coordinate display

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